Embedded Files
Below are tables of links from current or past educational presentations offered by Steven (and Friends). PDFs of the slides are available at the bottom of the page for some as well.
The material is available for use as long as the credit is given.
Below are tables of links from current or past educational presentations offered by Steven (and Friends). PDFs of the slides are available at the bottom of the page for some as well.
The material is available for use as long as the credit is given.
For feedback and/or questions, please visit the Contact Me page!
Aviation Lessons for Emergency Teams
Aviation Lessons for Emergency Teams
Presented at the DisastER Exhibit Hall at the ENA National Conference in Phoenix, Arizona in September, 2027.
Cooper, G. E., White, M. D., & Lauber, J. K. (Eds.). (1980). Resource management on the flight deck: Proceedings of a NASA/industry workshop. NASA.
Federal Aviation Administration. (2004). Crew resource management training (Advisory Circular 120-51E).
Federal Aviation Administration. (2005). Air medical resource management (Advisory Circular 00-64).
National Transportation Safety Board. (1979). United Airlines, Inc., Flight 173, McDonnell-Douglas DC-8-61, Portland, Oregon, December 28, 1978 (NTSB-AAR-79-7).
Helmreich, R. L., Merritt, A. C., & Wilhelm, J. A. (1999). The evolution of crew resource management training in commercial aviation. International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 9(1), 19–32.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2023). TeamSTEPPS 3.0.
Alsabri, M., Boudi, Z., Lauque, D., et al. (2022). Impact of teamwork and communication training interventions on safety culture and patient safety in emergency departments: A systematic review. Journal of Patient Safety, 18(1), e351–e361. https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000782
Buljac-Samardžić, M., Dekker-van Doorn, C. M., & Maynard, M. T. (2021). What do we really know about crew resource management in healthcare? An umbrella review on crew resource management and its effectiveness. Journal of Patient Safety, 17(8), e929–e958. https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000816
Gross, B., Rusin, L., Kiesewetter, J., et al. (2019). Crew resource management training in healthcare: A systematic review of intervention design, training conditions and evaluation. BMJ Open, 9, e025247. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025247
Zhang, Y., Tang, L., Chong, M., Sun, X., & Jiang, M. (2026). Non-technical skills in acute care: An umbrella review of assessment, training, and implications for emergency department practice. Frontiers in Medicine, 13, 1791714. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1791714
Air & Surface Transport Nurses Association. (2018). Position papers regarding transport nursing safety and Air Medical Resource Management.
Winter Wipeout
Winter Wipeout
Presented for CE at the ENA National Conference in Phoenix, Arizona in September, 2027.
Mori, Y., Takenaka, S., Nagai, T., Saiin, K., Takahashi, A., Mizuguchi, Y., Konishi, T., Anzai, T., Hotta, D., Kamigaki, M., Yamazaki, S., Fujita, T., Yamashita, T., Kawahatsu, K., Suzuki, T., Nozaki, Y., Sakurada, T., Takenaka, T., Igarashi, Y., Makino, T., & Sapporo City Acute Coronary Syndrome Network. (2025). Impact of snowfall on emergency medical system and mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Scientific Reports, 15, 7262. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-91092-y.
Wataki, H., Seposo, X. T., Uttajug, A., Anzai, T., Yokota, I., Ueda, K., Yonemoto, N., Tahara, Y., Matoba, T., Ikeda, T., & Japanese Circulation Society with Resuscitation Science Study Investigators. (2026). Impact of snowfall on ambulance response times to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Nationally representative population-based registry analysis, 2009–2019. Circulation Reports, 8(3), 479. doi:10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0129.
Rice, B., et al. (2025). Where the road ends: Emergency care sensitive conditions drive excess mortality in medevac-dependent rural Alaska. Emergency Medicine Journal, 42(11), 736–742.
Hirschman, D. (2025). The coastal marine layer. Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association.
National Weather Service. (2024). Snow squall safety. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
National Weather Service. (n.d.). Ice storms and black ice. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Emergency Nurses Association. (2025). Crowding, boarding, and patient throughput in the emergency department [Position statement].
Greenwood-Ericksen, M., Kamdar, N., Swenson, K., Pruitt, P., McCrum, M. L., Paul, G., Myaskovsky, L., Kocher, K. E., & Zachrison, K. S. (2025). Emergency department boarding, inpatient census, and interhospital transfer acceptances. JAMA Network Open, 8(5), e2512299. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.12299.
International Federation for Emergency Medicine. (n.d.). Global campaign against emergency department over-crowding.
Rao, S. V., O’Donoghue, M. L., Ruel, M., Rab, T., Tamis-Holland, J. E., Alexander, J. H., Baber, U., et al. (2025). 2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI guideline for the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation, 151(13), e771–e862. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001309.
Royan, R., Stamm, B., Giurcanu, M., Messe, S. R., Jauch, E. C., & Prabhakaran, S. (2024). Emergency department process times and door-in–door-out times in interhospital transfers after acute ischemic stroke. JAMA Network Open, 7(9), e2431183. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.31183.
Stamm, B., Royan, R., Giurcanu, M., Messe, S. R., Jauch, E. C., & Prabhakaran, S. (2023). Door-in-door-out times for interhospital transfer of patients with stroke. JAMA, 330(7), 636–649. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.12739.
LaGrone, L. N., Stein, D., Cribari, C., Kaups, K., Harris, C., Miller, A. N., Smith, B., Dutton, R., Bulger, E., & Napolitano, L. M. (2024). American Association for the Surgery of Trauma/American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma: Clinical protocol for damage-control resuscitation for the adult trauma patient. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 96(3), 510–520. doi:10.1097/TA.0000000000004088.
Joint Trauma System. (2023). Hypothermia: Prevention and treatment [Clinical practice guideline].
Joint Trauma System. (2025). Nursing interventions, wound care, and splint management in prolonged casualty care [Clinical practice guideline].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025). Hospital sepsis program core elements.
Prescott, H. C., et al. (2023). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s hospital sepsis program core elements. JAMA, or related CDC implementation publication.
McIntosh, S. E., et al. (2024). Wilderness Medical Society clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of frostbite: 2024 update. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine. doi:10.1177/10806032231222359.
Remick, K. E., Foster, A. A., Jensen, A. R., Williams, R. F., Stone, E., Joseph, M., Conners, G. P., Brown, K., Gausche-Hill, M., et al. (2026). Pediatric readiness in the emergency department: Policy statement. Pediatrics, 157(2), e2025075318.
Newgard, C. D., et al. (2023). Emergency department pediatric readiness and short-term and long-term mortality among children receiving emergency care. JAMA Network Open.
Erekson, E., Nuki, G., Mick, N., Conroy, K., Padin, M. D., Watson, E., & Theiler, R. N. (2026). Evaluation, stabilization, and transfer of pregnant and postpartum patients presenting to emergency departments without inpatient obstetric services. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 87(3), 365–373. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2025.09.011.
Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health. (2023). Obstetric emergency readiness resource kit.
World Health Organization. (2023). Burns.
American Burn Association. (2024). Guidelines for burn patient referral.
World Health Organization. (2023). Climate change and health.
Prabhakaran, S., Gonzalez, N. R., Zachrison, K. S., Adeoye, O., Alexandrov, A. W., Ansari, S. A., Chapman, S., Czap, A. L., Dumitrascu, O. M., Ishida, K., Jadhav, A. P., Johnson, B., Johnston, K. C., Khatri, P., Kimberly, W. T., Lee, V. H., Leslie-Mazwi, T. M., Mac Grory, B., Madsen, T. E., Menon, B., … Yaghi, S. (2026). 2026 guideline for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: A guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke, 57(8), e316–e436. https://doi.org/10.1161/STR.0000000000000513
From Routine to Unconventional: Two Ventilator Case Studies
From Routine to Unconventional: Two Ventilator Case Studies
Presented for CE at CFED in Indian Wells, CA in May, 2025 and the East Bay ENA Conference in August of 2026.
Farkas, J. (2021, September 8). ARDS. EMCrit Project.
Farkas, J. (2023, April 12). Critical asthma exacerbation. EMCrit Project.
Farkas, J. (2024, March 12). Aspiration syndromes. EMCrit Project.
Garner, O., Ramey, J. S., & Hanania, N. A. (2022). Management of life-threatening asthma: Severe asthma series. Chest, 162(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2022.02.029
Gayen, S., Dachert, S., Lashari, B. H., Gordon, M., Desai, P., Criner, G. J., Cardet, J. C., & Shenoy, K. (2024). Critical Care Management of Severe Asthma Exacerbations. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(3), 859–859. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030859
Gerald, J. K., Carr, T. F., Wei, C. Y., Holbrook, J. T., & Gerald, L. B. (2015). Albuterol Overuse: A Marker of Psychological Distress? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 3(6), 957–962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2015.06.021
Klompas, M. (2019). Aspiration pneumonia in adults. Uptodate.com.
Nakwan, N., & Prateepchaiboon, T. (2020). Predicting the Requiring Intubation and Invasive Mechanical Ventilation among Asthmatic Exacerbation-related Hospitalizations. Journal of Asthma, 59(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2020.1853768
Satheesh Munusamy, Saba, S., Iqbal, P., & Lutfe, A. (2023). Challenging case of severe acute asthma in a mechanically ventilated patient managed with sevoflurane. Clinical Case Reports, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.6571
Sedhai, Y. R., Yuan, M., Ketcham, S. W., Co, I., Claar, D. D., McSparron, J. I., Prescott, H. C., & Sjoding, M. W. (2021). Validating Measures of Disease Severity in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 18(7), 1211–1218. https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202007-772OC
Siegel, M. (2025). Acute respiratory distress syndrome: Clinical features, diagnosis, and complications in adults. Uptodate.com.
Slutsky, A. S., & Marco Ranieri, V. (2000). Mechanical ventilation: lessons from the ARDSNet trial. Respiratory Research, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.1186/rr15
Six Drips and a Pacer; Part 2
Six Drips and a Pacer; Part 2
Presented for CE at the ENA National Conference in New Orleans, LA in 2025.
Aiyagari, V., & Gorelick, P. B. (2009). Management of blood pressure for acute and recurrent stroke. Stroke, 40(6), 2251–2256.
Aleksandr Pevtsov, & Fredlund, K. L. (2019, October 2). Esmolol. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing.
Aronson, S., Dyke, C. M., Stierer, K. A., Levy, J. H., Cheung, A. T., Lumb, P. D., Kereiakes, D. J., & Newman, M. F. (2008). The ECLIPSE Trials: Comparative Studies of Clevidipine to Nitroglycerin, Sodium Nitroprusside, and Nicardipine for Acute Hypertension Treatment in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 107(4), 1110–1121.
Aziz, Y., & Mistry, E. (2022, January 17). In-Hospital Blood Pressure Control After Acute Ischemic Stroke. Practicalneurology.com.
de Voogt, W. G., & van Hemel, N. M. (2008). Clinical application of pacemakers in atrial tachyarrhythmias. Netherlands Heart Journal, 16(1), 18–22.
Hall, J., & Khan, S. (2014, August 14). Thoracic Aortic Dissection. Emra.org.
Herman, L. L., & Tivakaran, V. S. (2023). Hydralazine. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470296/Hicks, M. A., & Tyagi, A. (2023, May). Magnesium Sulfate. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing.
Holme, M. R., & Sharman, T. (2020). Sodium Nitroprusside. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing.
Jones, K. E., Hayden, S. L., Meyer, H. R., Sandoz, J. L., Arata, W. H., Dufrene, K., Ballaera, C., Lopez Torres, Y., Griffin, P., Kaye, A. M., Shekoohi, S., & Kaye, A. D. (2024). The Evolving Role of Calcium Channel Blockers in Hypertension Management: Pharmacological and Clinical Considerations. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 46(7), 6315–6327.
Kandil, H., Soliman, A., Alghamdi, N. S., Jennings, J. R., & El-Baz, A. (2023). Using Mean Arterial Pressure in Hypertension Diagnosis versus Using Either Systolic or Diastolic Blood Pressure Measurements. Biomedicines, 11(3), 849.
Miller, M., Maani, C. V., & Kerndt, C. C. (2023, July 10). Labetalol. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534787/Morris, J., & Dunham, A. (2024). Metoprolol. Nih; StatPearls Publishing.
Murillo, H., Molvin, L., Chin, A. S., & Fleischmann, D. (2021). Aortic Dissection and Other Acute Aortic Syndromes: Diagnostic Imaging Findings from Acute to Chronic Longitudinal Progression. RadioGraphics, 41(2), 425–446.
Pierre, L., Keenaghan, M., & Pasrija, D. (2024, January 19). Arterial Lines. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499989/Roan, R. (2022, January 10). File:Arterial-line-shaded.png - Wikimedia Commons. Wikimedia.org.
Rordorf, G., & McDonald, C. (2025). Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: Acute treatment and prognosis (S. Kasner, J. Edlow, A. Rabinstein, G. Tung, & R. Goddeau, Eds.). Uptodate.com.
Self, M., & Tainter, C. R. (2020). Overdrive Pacing. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing.
Twiner, M. J., Hennessy, J., Wein, R., & Levy, P. D. (2022). Nitroglycerin Use in the Emergency Department: Current Perspectives. Open Access Emergency Medicine, Volume 14(14), 327–333.
UpToDate LexiDrug. (2025). UpToDate. Uptodate.com.
Weir, M., & Howlett, J. (2018). Hypertensive Emergencies. Merck Manuals Professional Edition; Merck Manuals.
Leading Successful Online Learning Sessions
Leading Successful Online Learning Sessions
Presented for CE at the AMTC Conference in Omaha, NE in 2026.
Trumble, E., Lodge, J. M., Mandrusiak, A., & Forbes, R. (2023). Systematic review of distributed practice and retrieval practice in health professions education. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 29(2), 689–714. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-023-10274-3
Van Hoof, T. J., Madan, C. R., & Sumeracki, M. A. (2021). Science of Learning Strategy Series. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1097/ceh.0000000000000335
Wang, D. H., Dunn, C., Brooten, J. K., Gacioch, B., Taigman, M., He, Z., Dziura, J., & Breyre, A. M. (2024). Asynchronous education improves emergency medical services clinician confidence and knowledge in caring for patients near the end‐of‐life. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open, 5(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13331
Rad, R. F., Sadrabad, A. Z., Nouraei, R., Khatony, A., Bashiri, H., Bozorgomid, A., & Rezaeian, S. (2022). Comparative study of virtual and face-to-face training methods on the quality of healthcare services provided by Kermanshah pre-hospital emergency staff (EMS): randomized educational Intervention trial. BMC Medical Education, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03277-y
Karimi Rozveh, A., Rasouli, D., Ahmady, S., & Mohseni Zenozi, S. (2023). Effectiveness of nursing virtual training courses based on the Kirkpatrick Model. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 12(1), 203–203. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_913_22
Jin, S., & Kim, J.-H. (2024). Effectiveness synchronous e-learning in nursing education: A meta-analysis and subgroup analysis. Nurse Education in Practice, Jul(78), 104029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2024.104029
Alsharari, A. F., Salihu, D., & Alshammari, F. F. (2025). Effectiveness of virtual clinical learning in nursing education: a systematic review. BMC Nursing, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03076-y
Ramos-Morcillo, A. J., Ruzafa-Martínez, M., Leal-Costa, C., & Fernández-Salazar, S. (2024). Effect of an online training intervention on evidence-based practice in clinical nurses. #Evidencer Project. BMC Nursing, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02489-5
Szpunar, K. K., Khan, N. Y., & Schacter, D. L. (2013). Interpolated memory tests reduce mind wandering and improve learning of online lectures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(16), 6313–6317. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221764110
One Dose Killers, Big Kids Edition
One Dose Killers, Big Kids Edition
Presented for CE for the GMR Learning Series and at the ENA National Conference in New Orleans, LA in 2025.
Papudesi BN, Malayala SV, Regina AC. Xylazine Toxicity. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan
Barrueto F. Beta blocker poisoning. Post TW, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
Tian, M., Kaufman, D. W., Shiffman, S., & Arora, N. (2023). Over-the-Counter Drug Consumption: How Consumers Deviate from Label Instructions. Journal of Marketing Research, 61(3), 430-450.
Finkelstein Y, Aks SE, Hutson JR, Juurlink DN, Nguyen P, Dubnov-Raz G, Pollak U, Koren G, Bentur Y. Colchicine poisoning: the dark side of an ancient drug. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Jun;48(5):407-14. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2010.495348. PMID: 20586571.
Marquardt, K., & Albertson, T. (2001) Treatment of hydroxychloroquine overdose. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. (19)5. Pages 420-424, ISSN 0735-6757, doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2001.25774.
Alanagreh L, Alzoughool F, Atoum M. (2020). Risk of using hydroxychloroquine as a treatment of COVID-19. Int J Risk Saf Med. 31(3):111-116. doi: 10.3233/JRS-200024. PMID: 32474476; PMCID: PMC7504983.
You are not a horse. The Guardian
Erickson, T. B., Chai, P. R., & Boyer, E. W. (2020). Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19. Toxicology Communications, 4(1), 40–42. doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2020.1757967
Pandya HK, Robinson M, Mandal N, Shah VA. (2015). Hydroxychloroquine retinopathy: A review of imaging. Indian J Ophthalmol. Jul;63(7):570-4. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.167120. PMID: 26458473; PMCID: PMC4652246.
Melles RB, Marmor MF. The Risk of Toxic Retinopathy in Patients on Long-term Hydroxychloroquine Therapy. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014;132(12):1453–1460. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.3459
Meeran K, Jacobs MG. Chloroquine poisoning. Rapidly fatal without treatment. BMJ. 1993 Jul 3;307(6895):49-50. doi: 10.1136/bmj.307.6895.49. PMID: 8343674; PMCID: PMC1678465.
Stokkermans TJ, Falkowitz DM, Trichonas G. Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Toxicity. [Updated 2024 Jan 11]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan
Erickson, T. B., Chai, P. R., & Boyer, E. W. (2020). Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19. Toxicology Communications, 4(1), 40–42.
Khalid MM, Waseem M. Tricyclic Antidepressant Toxicity. (2023). In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
Ehlers PF, Deitche A, Wise LM, et al. Notes from the Field: Seizures, Hyperthermia, and Myocardial Injury in Three Young Adults Who Consumed Bromazolam Disguised as Alprazolam — Chicago, Illinois, February 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2024;72:1392–1393.
Rodda LN. The surge of bromazolam-related fatalities replacing other novel designer benzodiazepines-related fatalities in San Francisco. Addiction. 2024 Aug;119(8):1487-1490. doi: 10.1111/add.16520. Epub 2024 Apr 28. PMID: 38679868.
Mérette SAM, Thériault S, Piramide LEC, Davis MD, Shapiro AM. Bromazolam Blood Concentrations in Postmortem Cases-A British Columbia Perspective. J Anal Toxicol. 2023 Apr 14;47(4):385-392. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkad005. PMID: 36715069.
Wu J, Liu Z. Progress in the management of acute colchicine poisoning in adults. Intern Emerg Med. 2022 Oct;17(7):2069-2081. doi: 10.1007/s11739-022-03079-6. Epub 2022 Aug 26. PMID: 36028733; PMCID: PMC9417090.
Della Porta, A., Bornstein, K., Coye, A., Montrief, T., Long, B., & Parris, M. (2020). Acute chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine toxicity: A review for emergency clinicians. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, (38)10. Pages 2209-2217, ISSN 0735-6757. doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.030.
Chatre, C., Roubille, F., Vernhet, H. et al. (2018). Cardiac Complications Attributed to Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Drug Saf 41, 919–931. doi.org/10.1007/s40264-018-0689-4
Internet Book of Critical Care. High-dose Insulin Euglycaemic Therapy, EMCrit
Internet Book of Critical Care. Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) & Beta-Blocker (BBl) overdose. EMCrit
From Preceptor to Preceptee
From Preceptor to Preceptee
Coming soon!
Leadership In a Dynamic World
Leadership In a Dynamic World
Presented for CEs on January 31st, 2025 at the Emergency Nurses Association's Leadership Conference in Louisvville, KY.
Blanchard, K. (1989). The one minute manager meets the monkey. William Morrow.
Blanchard, K. H., Zigarmi, P., & Zigarmi, D. (1994). Leadership and the one minute manager. HarperCollins UK.
Crowley, K., & Elster, K. (2012). Mean Girls at work: How to stay professional when things get personal. McGraw Hill Professional.
Johnson, S. (1998). Who moved my cheese?: An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life.
Scroggins, C. (2017). How to lead when you’re not in charge: Leveraging Influence When You Lack Authority.
How much is too much?
How much is too much?
Presented for CEs on November 7th, 2024 at the California ENA's Annual Education Day, the Critical Care Transport Medicine Conference in St. Louis, MO on April 15th, 2025, and NurseCon at Sea in April, 2026.
The ASAM clinical practice guideline on alcohol withdrawal management
Managing Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)
The "Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale" (PAWSS): systematic literature review and pilot study of a new scale for the prediction of complicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Addiction Medicine Essentials - Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale, Revised (CIWA-Ar)
Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol–Revised might be an unreliable tool in the management of alcohol withdrawal
Validity and Reliability of an Alcohol Withdrawal Clinical Assessment Scale for Use with Acutely Ill Patients: An Abbreviated Version of the CIWA-Ar
Working Toward a Gold Standard: The Severity of Ethanol Withdrawal Scale (SEWS) Versus the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar)
Dexmedetomidine as adjunct treatment for severe alcohol withdrawal in the ICU
Adjuvant Dexmedetomidine in Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium: Case Series
EmCrit Alcohol Withdrawal
Slides from CCTMC 2025
The EtCO2 is Abnormal
The EtCO2 is Abnormal
Presented for CEs on May 22nd, 2024 at CFED 2024 in Indian Wells, CA, the NY State ENA Annual Conference, and NurseCon at Sea in April, 2026.
ROME Method ABG Interpretation
ABG Tic tac toe
Winter's formula revisited
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation
All about Base Excess
PaCO2-EtCO2 Gradient: Don't forget the bubbles
Predictive Value of Capnography for Suspected Diabetic Ketoacidosis in the Emergency Department
Comparing QSOFA Scores to EtCO2 as Mortality Predictors in Prehospital Patients with Suspected Sepsis
Partial Pressures - Virginia Tech School of Medicine
EtCO2 as a predictor of patient outcomes
Hyperventilation in adult TBI
Full References (PDF from my Google Drive) Click Here
Six Drips and a Pacer
Six Drips and a Pacer
Presented for CEUs on September 7th, 2024 at the ENA National Conference in Las Vegas, NV, on May 21, 2024 at CFED 2024 in Indian Wells, CA, and NurseCon at Sea in April, 2026.
Life in the Fast Lane - Pacemaker Rhythms
Refractory septic shock: our pragmatic approach
Vasopressor Nonresponse NUEM Blog
EmCrit Vasopressors
Alternative Pharmacological Management of Vasopressor Extravasation in the Absence of Phentolamine
PulmCrit - High Dose Vasopressors
Vasopressin in Sepsis and Other Shock States: State of the Art
Full References (PDF from my Google Drive) Here
Diamond of Death
Diamond of Death
Presented for CEUs on January 8th, 2024 for the California State Trauma Committee, on November 7th, 2024 for the California ENA Education Day, and NurseCon at Sea in April, 2026.
ACS TQIP – Massive Transfusion in Trauma Guidelines
Hypocalcemia in Military Casual<es From Point of Injury to Surgical Teams in Afghanistan
Calcium Part 1 – Labpedia
The diamond of death: Hypocalcemia in trauma and resuscitation
Joint Trauma System CPG – Damage Control Resuscitation
Hypocalcemia as a predictor of mortality and transfusion. A scoping review of hypocalcemia in trauma and hemostatic resuscitation. Transfusion. 2022
A retrospective analysis of calcium levels in pediatric trauma patients. Int J Burns Trauma. 2021
Forgot calcium? Admission ionized-calcium in two civilian randomized controlled trials of prehospital plasma for traumatic hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2020
Coagulation complications following trauma. Military Med Resus. 2016
The diamond of death: Hypocalcemia in trauma and resuscitation. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2021
Powerpoints as PDF
Powerpoints as PDF
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